On the arrangement, care, and operation of wood-working factories and machinery; forming a complete operator's handbook by Richards John 1834-

Author:Richards, John, 1834-
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Woodworking machinery
Publisher: New York, E. & F. N. Spon
Published: 1873-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

THE CARE OF BEARINGS.

The care of bearings can hardly be considered as belonging to repairing machinery, and it is thought best to notice it as a separate matter.

To take care of the bearings of a high-speed wood machine, is one of the most intricate and diflScult things which the operator has to do, and even after years of experience he can seldom tell at once, or with any certainty, the cause of a bearing heating.

When a bearing becomes hot, a machine stops; if on the engine or line shafts, all the machines stop; so that

it is an important matter to know how to treat it. To remove the cause is of course the best plan, and the first thing to be done; but the cause is sometimes not so easy to determine. Aside from becoming dry for the want of lubrication, the cause of heating may be want of truth in the shaft, either from not being round or from being sprung. It may be for the want of a fit, and lack of surface, from being too tight, or from over-pressure—that is, too much pressure for the amount of surface.

Among all these the question is first to tell with which the trouble lies; and next, how to apply a remedy in the soonest and surest manner. When a bearing heats, if the shaft is small, and can be freed from gearing and belts, first try to shake it with a lever, or otherwise, to see if it is loose enough; if so, next screw down the cap until it binds a little, and then turn the shaft by hand, watching carefully whether it binds at one place more than another; the least irregularity can be discerned in this way, and indicates that the bearing is not round, and needs turning. K the shaft is crooked, it is detected by holding a point against it while running—a matter that anyone understands.

If none of these things appear, next take the shaft out and examine the bearing; see where the shaft bears, whether at one end only, or on a line through the bottom, or on the sides. Examine the cap to see whether it shifts, so as to bind on the sides. This want of surface is the most common cause of heating with the bearings of new machinery, and, perhaps, the most common in bearings that have been remoulded; if out of truth, scrape oflF the points where the shaft bears until it touches throughout, as explained previously. Use good oil in starting, and if necessary cool the bearing for a time with water.

Never place any faith in compounds of plumbago, salt^

soap, or anything of the kind; they may have claims as lubricants, but it is generally a waste of time to try to conquer a hot bearing by any other plan than to correct the mechanical defect, which lies at the bottom.

THE PRINCIPLES OF WOOD CUTTING.

It was intended to confine this treatise as much as possible to practical shop

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